Error – ISTQB Definition: A human action that produces an incorrect result.
Defect – ISTQB Definition: An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications.
Failure – ISTQB Definition: An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits.
Change – When the specification or requirement is met but the customer understands that the want something different.
Defect Severity
Defect Severity, is a classification of software defect (bug) to indicate the degree of negative impact on the quality of software.
ISTQB Definition
- Severity: The degree of impact that a defect has on the development or operation of a component or system.
Classification
The actual terminologies, and their meaning, can vary depending on people, projects, organizations, or defect tracking tools, but the following is a normally accepted classification.
- Critical or Severity 1: The defect affects critical functionality or critical data. It does not have a workaround. Example: Unsuccessful installation, complete failure of a feature.
- Major or Severity 2: The defect affects major functionality or major data. It has a workaround but is not obvious and is difficult. Example: A feature is not functional from one module but the task is complete if 10 complicated indirect steps are followed in another module/s.
- Minor or Severity 3: The defect affects minor functionality or non-critical data. It has an easy workaround. Example: A minor feature that is not functional in one module but the same task is easily to complete from another module.
- Trivial or Severity 4: The defect does not affect functionality or data. It does not even need a workaround. It does not impact productivity or efficiency. It is merely an inconvenience. Example: Petty layout discrepancies, spelling/grammatical errors.
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